Where Learning Grows: The Montessori Approach to Outdoors
August 18, 2025

One of the many beautiful and empowering aspects of Montessori education is how it helps children understand themselves as valued members of a community. A key way this happens is through Care of the Environment, a form of Practical Life work that provides children with the opportunity to tend to the spaces they live in each day. 


By participating in this care, children begin to feel at home in their classroom, school, and community. They feel a sense of ownership and take pride in their surroundings, and in the process, develop a deep sense of responsibility and connection.


The Outdoor Environment


When considering the children’s environment, we're not just referring to indoor spaces. In Montessori, the outdoor environment is not an afterthought. Instead, we consider the outdoors to be a natural and essential extension of the prepared indoor space. 


For young children, who are absorbing everything from the world around them, the time spent outdoors supports development in profound and lasting ways. For older children and adolescents, outdoor spaces can be a place for self-regulation and deep focus. 


Now more than ever, when children tend to spend increasing amounts of time indoors, reconnecting with natural spaces is vital for physical, emotional, and cognitive health.


Why Being Outdoors Matters


Research, including the work of Richard Louv in The Last Child in the Woods, highlights a growing body of evidence that time spent in nature is critical to the healthy development of both children and adults. In Montessori, we recognize that outdoor time is not a break from learning. Rather, the natural world is a powerful space for movement, language, social development, and sensory integration. Time outdoors is learning time. 


Young children are in the midst of sensitive periods for order, language, movement, and sensory refinement. These windows of opportunity allow for an intense connection with nature that nourishes the whole child. Plus, the natural world’s beauty, order, and rhythm speak to our deepest human tendencies: to explore, understand, and belong.


The Adults’ Role Outside


Outdoor spaces become a rich environment for observation, guidance, and connection. Children are often more socially expressive outdoors, making this a critical time for observing group dynamics and supporting social-emotional growth.


It’s also a time to model joyful, playful behavior. Children need to see that being human includes lightness and laughter, and outdoor time offers the perfect opportunity for us to play alongside children while still maintaining an appropriate level of guidance.


We can also help children understand that different environments call for different behaviors. What is appropriate outdoors differs from what is expected indoors. As children gain different experiences, they come to understand how to conduct themselves with grace and courtesy on a woodland trail and a garden bed, or how to navigate the intricacies of fort building and group game dynamics. Montessori children learn to move through different scenes and scenarios with increasing awareness, sensitivity, and confidence.


Setting Up Outdoor Spaces


We want our outdoor spaces to feel like a true extension of our classrooms, not a break from them. As such, we are intentional about how the outdoor spaces are developmentally appropriate, deepen children’s understanding of cause and effect, and nurture a sense of order. We want activities in the outdoor space to have a purposeful intent so they support the integration of children’s will, intellect, and coordinated movement. 


At home, outdoor activities can provide open-ended play opportunities that encourage exploration and independence, as well as ways to involve children in purposeful projects. Here are some ideas to get started!


Practical Life


  • Provide tools for cleaning tasks: sweeping paths, washing outdoor furniture, scrubbing flower pots, washing the car, and wiping off outdoor toys.
  • Encourage gardening: planting seeds, watering, weeding, harvesting herbs or vegetables.
  • Offer animal care opportunities: refilling bird feeders, walking the dog, playing fetch.


Sensorial Exploration


  • Include sensory gardens with fragrant herbs, soft leaves, and vibrant flowers—like lavender, mint, and lamb’s ear—that invite children to touch, smell, and observe.
  • Create a collection space for sticks, stones, pinecones, shells, and seed pods.


Gross Motor Development


  • Find natural structures like logs or balance beams for climbing.
  • Encourage running, rolling, or playing games in grassy areas.
  • Create sand or dirt pits for digging and building.


Observation and Nature Study


  • Set up bird feeders, weather tools, and insect hotels. 
  • Create small areas for quiet observation with a bench, blanket, or hammock.
  • Add sensory elements like wind chimes or water features to create a calming atmosphere.


Curricular Connections


  • Math: count petals, measure plant growth, sort leaves by size and shape.
  • Science: Tools like magnifying glasses and microscopes help them explore soil, insects, and plant life up close. Composting systems, rainwater collection, or native plantings foster environmental stewardship.
  • Art: Natural materials become mediums for creativity, such as twigs for weaving, leaves for prints, and landscapes for sketching.
  • Language: Storytelling, reading under a tree, or labeling plants and garden tools strengthens vocabulary and communication while keeping learning grounded in the real world.


Observe and Adapt


As with all prepared environments, the key is observation. What captures our children’s curiosity? Where are they returning again and again? What challenges are they facing?


By observing carefully, we can adjust to our children’s needs and interests. A prepared environment supports the whole child and helps them feel connected, not just to the earth, but to themselves and their community. 


We’d love to share our outdoor spaces with you. Schedule a tour today!


Pumpkins stacked on wooden pallets at an outdoor market stall

Embracing Autumn with Your Child: Hands-On Pumpkin Inspiration

October 5, 2026
Discover Montessori-aligned ways to celebrate autumn with your child! Explore hands-on pumpkin activities, practical life kitchen skills, life cycle lessons, and seasonal math for young learners.

Discovering the Geometry Cabinet: How a Simple Wooden Tray Prepares Children for Math, Writing, and Beyond

September 28, 2026
Nestled on a shelf in our Montessori Primary classrooms sits a distinct wooden cabinet filled with six to seven slim drawers. From the outside, it is simple and unassuming. Yet, when a child slides out a drawer, they reveal a beautifully arranged collection of vibrant blue geometric insets, each set inside a smooth wooden frame with a small brass knob in the center. As you explore through the drawers, you discover a rich world of plane geometry: circles that vary gracefully in diameter, rectangles that grow incrementally in width, a variety of triangles, regular polygons, quadrilaterals, and unique curved figures. This is the Geometry Cabinet —one of the most foundational and versatile materials in the Montessori Primary environment. Beyond introducing mathematical concepts, this captivating material enhances visual and muscular memory, develops critical language skills, and directly prepares the child’s hand for writing. A Concrete Foundation for Geometry First and foremost, the Geometry Cabinet introduces plane geometry through direct, hands-on experience. On top of the cabinet sits a demonstration tray containing three primary shapes: an equilateral triangle, a square, and a circle. These three figures form the bedrock of geometry: The Circle: Serves as the key to calculating angles. The Triangle: The fundamental constructing figure in geometry (and the polygon with the fewest possible sides). The Square: Used to measure area and represent four-sided polygons. In our Primary classrooms, guides use this demonstration tray to give children their very first impressions of these three essential figures, establishing a concrete foundation that will serve them through their Elementary years and beyond. A Tactile and Sensorimotor Experience Montessori learning always engages the senses. When introducing a shape from the cabinet, a guide demonstrates how to hold the shape by its small knob using the non-dominant hand while tracing the perimeter of the shape with the index and middle fingertips of the dominant hand. The child then traces the matching wooden outline in the drawer. This deliberate, meditative movement accomplishes two key developmental goals: Sensorial Discrimination: It gives the child a precise tactile impression of the shape’s physical boundaries. Motor Preparation for Writing: It refines fine motor control, hand-eye coordination, and spatial awareness—all essential prerequisites for holding a pencil and writing. As children gain confidence, they progress from tracing single shapes to mixing up multiple drawers and matching shapes back into their frames. To further refine their tactile sense, children often perform this work while wearing a blindfold, relying entirely on their sense of touch! From Concrete Material to Abstract Symbols As children master the physical insets, we introduce three distinct sets of cards for each geometric shape: Solid Cards: The shape is filled in completely. Thick Outline Cards: The shape is represented by a thick outer line. Thin Outline Cards: The shape is represented by a delicate, thin outer line. The child selects a physical wooden inset, searches through the cards, and places the concrete shape directly onto its matching abstract card. This work bridges the gap between concrete objects and abstract symbols—a vital step in learning to read. If a child can distinguish the subtle visual differences between a trapezoid and a parallelogram, they can easily differentiate between written letter forms like a cursive b and z. Through the Geometry Cabinet, children internalize the reality that symbols are simply shapes defined by lines. Rich, Precise Language Acquisition Young children absorb precise terminology with remarkable ease. Rather than using simplified terms, Montessori guides provide exact geometric nomenclature. As children work with the Geometry Cabinet, they effortlessly learn and apply precise vocabulary: Quadrilaterals: Rhombus, parallelogram, isosceles trapezoid, right-angled trapezoid. Curved Figures: Oval, ellipse, quatrefoil. Triangles: Equilateral, right-angled isosceles, acute-angled scalene, obtuse-angled scalene. Polygons: Pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon. Rather than seeing just a "triangle," a Montessori child learns to observe and categorize shapes based on their distinct angles and sides, expanding their vocabulary while building mental classification skills. Movement, Memory, and Spatial Awareness To deepen concentration and exercise memory, guides introduce a series of interactive movement games with the Geometry Cabinet: Distance Matching: A shape is placed on one side of the room while its frame remains on the other. The child must hold the precise visual and tactile memory of the shape as they walk across the room to find its match. Environmental Discovery: Children search the classroom to find real-world objects that match a specific geometric inset, bridging the gap between isolated materials and the physical environment around them. Collaborative Grading: Children work together to arrange a set of shapes (such as circles increasing in diameter) in precise sequential order—sometimes even holding shapes behind their backs to arrange them strictly by touch! A Thoughtfully Prepared Tool for Lifelong Learning While the primary goal of the Geometry Cabinet is to cultivate visual and tactile shape discrimination, its benefits extend into every area of early childhood development: Pincer Grip Development: Grasping the small wooden knobs naturally strengthens the muscles needed for pencil hold. Concentration and Focus: The self-correcting nature of the material encourages long periods of deep engagement. Language and Literacy Preparation: Distinguishing fine lines and angles builds the visual discrimination necessary for letter and number recognition. The Geometry Cabinet is a prime example of how Montessori materials transform complex mathematical concepts into joyfully accessible, hands-on discovery. Experience Our Classrooms Firsthand We invite you to see how our prepared environments foster deep concentration, independence, and a lifelong love for learning. Schedule a tour today!